The Clinger-Cohen Act (CCA) of 1996 — More Relevant Than Ever
COL Bobby L. Smith and Shirley T. Jefferson
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The Army CIO developed and deployed a Web-based application to assist PMs in
achieving CCA compliance. (U.S. Army photo by Richard Mattox,
Program Executive Office Enterprise Information Systems.) |
The CCA of 1996 was the most significant information technology (IT)
reform of the last decade. Based on proven practical IT best practices,
it is designed to ensure that IT investments provide measurable improvements
in mission performance. Accordingly, the CCA assigns the Army
Chief Information Officer (CIO) the responsibility of developing, maintaining
and facilitating the implementation of a sound integrated technology architecture. The
Army CIO is also charged with the responsibility of enforcing standards that
enable compliance with the Global Information Grid (GIG), bandwidth management,
spectrum management, information assurance and interoperability certification,
among others, for systems throughout the Army. Given the pace of change
today, fielding systems without considering consequences to the GIG can lead
to user dissatisfaction, program failure and severe unintended consequences
on the integrity of the Army’s Enterprise Network.
The CCA provides guidance for the Army CIO to manage the Army Enterprise
with strategic enablers, such as IT portfolio management and the adoption of
business processes for the acquisition of IT, including the consideration of
performance-based results and results-based management, enforcement of accountability,
interoperability, and capital planning and investment control.
The Army CIO developed and deployed a Web-based application to assist program,
project and product managers (PMs) in achieving CCA compliance. The
application is available through the Acquisition, Logistics and Technology
Enterprise System and Services Acquisition Business Enterprise Hub, in the
core application Acquisition Information Management (AIM) tool.
The CIO Compliance Assessment tool helps the Army meet statutory requirements,
defines work processes, ensures interoperability across the Army Enterprise
and provides a consistent and iterative means of communication between the
project management office (PMO) and acquisition oversight throughout a program’s
life cycle.
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| Figure 1. CIO Module within
AIM screenshot
(Click image to enlarge.) |
The PMO’s use of and response to the questions in this Web-based assessment
tool allow the Army CIO to evaluate the business implications of the technology
being developed. The Army CIO can then determine if the program enhances
the Army Enterprise’s capabilities. For additional information,
please view Figure 1.
The Army CIO performs a CIO Compliance Assessment on all acquisition category
(ACAT) I, II and special interest programs for compliance with statutory, DOD
and Army regulations prior to a milestone decision. Upon satisfying the
CIO Compliance Assessment’s requirements, the Army CIO confirms the system’s
compliance in a memorandum to the Office of the Secretary of Defense. PMs
preparing for a milestone decision at the ACAT I, II or special interest level
must obtain this confirmation, which is required for Annex C of the Modified
Integrated Program Summary (MIPS). Approval to move through the milestone
decision process cannot occur without this document in the MIPS.
The Army CIO has delegated the CIO Compliance Assessment process for ACAT
III level programs and other qualifying programs to the responsible program
executive officers, direct reporting PMs and commanders. The CIO Compliance
Assessment process applies to both ACAT and non-ACAT systems and must be completed
to support evaluations prior to milestone decisions.
Key areas addressed by the CIO Compliance Assessment tool are the program’s
ability to:
- Support the overall mission
- Meet functional requirements
- Identify key (work) processes
- Evaluate a return on investment
- Meet interoperability requirements
- Achieve performance metrics
- Support customer (warfighter) requirements
- Address alternatives
- Provide or enhance quality
The CIO Compliance Assessment tool’s real value is that it enables the
Army CIO to efficiently evaluate controls such as regulations, policies, procedures
and practices, and mechanisms, including people, facilities, systems and technology,
to achieve mission success.
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| Figure
2. CIO Compliance Assessment Tool Input/Output model
(Click image to enlarge.) |
The online application component identifies, defines and organizes the activities (inputs)
that capture, manipulate and manage the business information to support mission
operations (output). It also describes the logical dependencies
and relationships among business activities as depicted by Figure 2.
In addition to the CIO Compliance Assessment tool, AIM offers stakeholders
a portal to exchange programmatic information such as program mission, funding,
schedule and performance, just to name a few.
The Army CIO’s Acquisition Compliance and Certification (ACC) Division
is responsible for reviewing and confirming CCA compliance against
the responses submitted by the PM in the CIO Compliance Assessment tool. Action
officers in the ACC Division serve as liaisons between the PMO and the CIO. As
a representative of the CIO, the ACC Division has the responsibility to ensure
that program objectives support the Army’s mission, business processes
are optimized and programs are not duplicative or stovepiped. The ACC
Division can recommend the Army CIO to hold a program in abeyance if there
are key issues that need clarification or if a program is not complying with
the requirements.
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The CIO Compliance Assessment tool supports the warfighter by aligning the right investments to the right technology based on identified field requirements.
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As key processes are being identified and expanded to the entire Army Enterprise,
the CIO Compliance Assessment tool is continuously reviewed and updated to
ensure the most current guidance, regulations and compliance requirements are
addressed.
Today’s IT systems offer the Army unprecedented opportunities to provide
warfighters high-quality services tailored to ever-changing needs by delivering
IT more effectively, faster and at lower cost. The
CIO Compliance Assessment tool supports the warfighter by aligning the right investments
to the right technology based on identified field requirements.
For more information about the CIO Compliance Assessment tool or the ACC process,
contact ACC Division Chief Marlu W. Vance at (703) 604-7117/DSN 664-7117 or marlu.vance@us.army.mil.
| COL BOBBY L. SMITH is the Senior Military Acquisition Officer
in the CIO/G-6 ACC Division. He has more than 15 years combined acquisition
experience in both weapon systems and IT systems. Smith holds an M.S.
in information systems from George Mason University. |
| SHIRLEY T. JEFFERSON is a Senior Acquisition Management Analyst
(contractor) with the CIO/G-6 ACC Division. She has more than 15 years
experience in program management. Jefferson holds a B.S. in chemistry
from the University of Pittsburgh and has completed graduate studies at Temple
University. |
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